基于反激变压器及最优规划的电动汽车动力电池主动均衡研究

Active Balancing of EV Batteries Based on Fly-back Transformer and Optimum Programming

动力电池组作为电动汽车的关键部件,对整车动力性、经济性和安全性都有重大影响。为了更合理地使用动力电池,一般需要配备电池管理系统。作为电池管理系统的关键功能之一,电池均衡可有效地改善电池系统内的单体一致性,从而提高动力蓄电池性能和寿命。通过原理分析、理论计算、仿真及实验,基于反激变压器设计了电池单体的主动均衡方案,同时基于最优线性规划设计了电池均衡策略来优化均衡效率。仿真及实验结果均表明,所设计的系统能有效地均衡电池模块内的单体,均衡效率达到72.3%,满足车载电池管理系统使用需求。

As one of the key components of the electric vehicles （ EVs）, the power battery system is critical to the dynamic performance, economy and safety of the whole vehicle. To obtain a reasonable usage of the batteries, a battery management system （BMS） is normally equipped, in which the battery balancing is one of the most important functions. Battery balancing can effectively improve the consistency of the battery cells, which finally enhances the performance and life of the battery system. With a systematic research of principle analysis, theoretical calculation, simulation and experiments, an active battery balancing system based on fly-back transformers is developed. Mean- while, an according balancing strategy based on optimum linear programming is also proposed to enhance the balan- cing efficiency. Both simulation and experiment results show that, the proposed balancing system can effectively bal- ance the battery cells, and the balancing efficiency is 72.3 % , which indicates the feasibility of the proposed balan- cing system.