郭象人生境界说刍议

The State of Xuanming,Duhua and Feeling Carefree——Discussion of Guoxiang's Theory of Life Realm

玄冥之境是郭象的人生境界说,是郭象独化论理论体系的重要组成部分,其目的是要解决人的内在精神与现实人生之间的矛盾,实现心灵和人生的双重安顿与统一。其实质和意义体现在理论和现实两个层面:就其理论自身而言,玄冥之境是基于内在的精神境界而实现的外在的事功而利物,是内圣与外王的统一,是圣人独有的境界;就其现实层面而言,内在的精神境界并不一定能够带来现实人生境遇的改变,能改变的只是人对境遇的态度而已,这样的内圣外王的玄冥之境其实质也就只能是一种纯粹的心灵境界了。

The state of xuanming, Guaoxiang＇s thought in life realm, is an important part of his theory of Duhua, the purpose of which is to solve the contradiction between man＇s inner spirit and the real life and to realize the dual settlement and unity of mind and life. The essence and significance of the idea can be interpreted in both theory and reality： in theory, it is physical achieve- ments and benefits achieved based on the inner spiritual realm, the unity of perfect self - cultivation and benevolent governance. In reality, the inner spiritual realm is not necessarily able to bring about the change of one＇s real life situation, but the change of his attitude to the situation. In this sense, the state of xuanming, is essentially a pure spiritual realm.