盐胁迫对河北省海岸带八种绿化植物种子萌发的影响

Effects of Salt Stress on Seed Germination of Eight Landscape Plants in Hebei Coastal Areas

为了评价白花草木樨(Melilotus albus Medic.ex Desr.)、香豌豆(Lathyrus odoratus L.)、白蜡(Fraxinus chinensis Roxb.)、杜梨(Pyrus betulifolia Bunge)、沙枣(Elaeagnus angustifolia L.)、紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa L.)、小果白刺(Nitraria sibirica Pall.)、柽柳(Tamarix chinensis Lour.)种子的耐盐能力,比较了不同浓度梯度的Na Cl(0、50、100、150、200、250、300 mmol/L)溶液胁迫对8种植物种子发芽势、发芽率和相对发芽率的影响。结果表明,低浓度的Na Cl溶液对小果白刺、白花草木樨、香豌豆、白蜡、杜梨种子的萌发具有促进作用,对沙枣、紫穗槐和柽柳有轻度的抑制作用。当Na Cl溶液浓度超过100 mmol/L时,8种植物种子的萌发均受到不同程度的抑制,发芽势、发芽率和相对发芽率指标均呈明显下降趋势,不同植物种子对盐胁迫的反应不同。当Na Cl溶液浓度达到300 mmol/L时,白花草木樨、香豌豆、白蜡、杜梨、沙枣种子的发芽势、相对发芽率均为0,紫穗槐的发芽率和发芽势均为2%,说明胁迫强度超过了上述6种植物种子的忍耐极限,而小果白刺、柽柳种子仍具有一定的活力,柽柳种子的发芽率高于小果白刺,表明柽柳种子在高浓度的盐胁迫下耐性最强。综合分析认为,8种植物均能在盐渍化生境中生长,可作为园林植物在河北省滨海地区栽培。其中白花草木樨、香豌豆、白蜡的耐盐性最弱,可在低度盐渍化地区栽植;杜梨、沙枣、紫穗槐、小果白刺的耐盐性中等,可在中度盐渍化地区栽植;柽柳的耐盐性最强,可在中度甚至重度盐渍化地区广泛种植。

In order to evaluate the salt tolerance of Melilotus albus Medic. ex Desr., Lathyrus odoratus L., Fraxinus chinensis Roxb., Pyrus betulifolia Bunge, Elaeagnus angustifolia L., Amorpha fruticosa L., Nitraria sibirica Pall. and Tamarix chinensis Lour., the effect of different concentration of Na Cl solution（0,50,100,150,200,250,300 mmol / L） on seed germinability,germination rate and relative germination rate of the 8 plants were determined. The results showed that low salt concentration could promote the seed germination of N. sibirica, M. albus, L. odoratus, F. chinensis, P. betulifolia while slightly inhibit the seed germination of E. angustifolia, A. fruticosa and T. chinensis. When the concentration of Na Cl was higher than 100 mmol / L, the seed germination of the 8 plants was inhibited by different degrees as germinability, seed germination rate and relative germination rate was decreased significantly. Different plant species reacted differently to salt stress. When Na Cl solution was 300 mmol / L, the the seed germinablity and relative germination rate of M. albus, L.odoratus, F. chinensis, P.betulifolia and E. angustifolia was zero; While the seed germination rate and germinablity of A. fruticosa was 2%, indicating that the stress intensity exceed the tolerant limit of the six plants. However, the seed of N. sibirica and T. chinensis still has certain vitality; And the seed germination rate of T. chinensis was higher,showing that the seed of T. chinensis had the strongest tolerance under high salt stress. Comprehensive analysis indicated that all the 8 plant species can grow in the saline soil and could be cultured as landscape plant in Coastal areas of Hebei province. M. albus, L. odoratus and F. chinensis should be planted in weak saline soil according to their weakest salt tolerance. P. betulifolia, E. angustifolia, A. fruticosa, N.sibirica could be cultivated in moderate saline region on the basis of their medium salt tolerance. T. chinensis could bewidely planted in moderate and severe saline region because of the strongest salt tolerance.