不同居群大赖草醇溶蛋白分析

Study on Gliadin of Leymus racemosus(Lam.)Tzvel of Different Populations

【目的】研究新疆大赖草［Leymus racemosus （Lam.） Tzvel］不同居群种子醇溶蛋白，探讨大赖草种质在居群间和居群内的差异及遗传多样性。【方法】采用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（A-PAGE）技术对采集到的5个居群间及居群内大赖草种子醇溶蛋白进行遗传多样性研究。【结果】5份居群间材料共分离出19条带纹，只有2条是共有带，多态率为8947%。居群内共分离出17条谱带，7条为共同带，多态率为5882%，小于居群间；材料间的Shannon指数范围是0346 7~0400 0，平均值为0372 7。Nei-Li遗传相似系数（GS）的变异范围为1583 7~1738 5，平均值1659 4。相似系数GS值变异范围是0429~0733，平均为0554。进一步聚类分析表明，在GS值为062的水平上供试材料可聚成3个大类，生境相似的居群聚为一类，表现出一定的分布规律。【结论】大赖草种子遗传多样性在居群间差异明显，而居群内不明显。醇溶蛋白凝胶电泳可以作为指纹图谱，用于研究同一物种不同居群间及居群内的差异是可行的。

[ Objective ] In order to investigate the differences and genetic diversity of Leymus racemosus germplasm among and within the populations, the project aims to study the seed gliadin of Xinjiang Leymus racemosus between different populations. [ Method ] The genetic diversity of 5 Leymus racemosus populations＇ seed gliadin were analyzed by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （ A - PAGE）. [ Result ] （ 1 ） 19 gliadin bands were separated by electrophoresis between 5 populations of them, 17 bands had polymorphisms and the polymorphic rate was 89.47%. 17 bands were isolated from populations, 10 bands had polymorphisms and the polymorphic rate was 58.82% , the polymorphism rate within populations were less than among the populations. （2） The variation ~ range of Shannon index between materials was 0.346,7 - 0. 400,0, average value was 0. 372,7. The variation＇s range of Nei-Li genetic similarity coefficient （GS） was 1. 583,7 -1. 738,5, average value of 1. 659,4. The variation＇s range of genetic similarity coefficient （GS） was 0. 429 - 0. 733, av- erage value of 0. 554. Further clustering analysis showed that the test materials could be clustered into 3 cate-gories when the GS value was 0.62, and habitat similar populations could be clustered together, which also showed that it was a certain distribution between different populations. [ Conclusion ] The electrophoresis of the seed gliadin showed that the genetic diversity among populations was significantly different and not obvious within populations. It was explained that the electrophoresis of seed gliadin could be used as a fingerprint, and was feasible when it was used to study the differences between and within populations.