利用荷花与睡莲对沉积物中重金属的修复研究

Research on Remediation of Heavy Metals in Sediment with Lotus and Water Lily

选取水景植物荷花、睡莲对黑臭河道沉积物中重金属进行修复,用ICP-AES全谱直读电感耦合等离子发射光谱法测定沉积物、植物中重金属镉、铬、铜、镍、铅的总量与形态的量,重金属在植物中分布。结果表明:荷花对沉积物中重金属平均去除率为20.42%,睡莲为18.23%;睡莲、荷花种植后沉积物重金属形态的量呈减小趋势,经植物修复后沉积物中铬、铅、镍的主要形态为残渣态,镉、铜的主要形态为弱酸溶解态。铜、镍在睡莲中的分布特征为茎<叶<根,镉和铅为叶<茎<根,铬为茎<根<叶。铬、镍在荷花中分布为根<叶<茎,铜为叶<根<茎,镉、铅主要积累在荷花的叶部组织。

The aquatic landscape plants lotus and water lily were selected to repair the heavy metal in black odorous river sedi-ments.With ICP-AES inductively coupled full spectrum of direct reading plasma emission spectrometry,the total and forms of content of heavy metals Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb in sediment and plants,the distribution of heavy metals in plants to were deter-mined .The results showed that the average removal rate of the lotus in terms of the removal of heavy metals in the sediments was 20.42% while that of water lily was 18.23%;after lotus and water lilies were planted,the forms of content of heavy metals in sediments were decreased,the phytoremediation of main forms of Cr,Pb,Ni in sediments were theresidual state;the main forms of Cd,Cu were extractable.The distribution of Cu,Ni among the water lilies was stem〈leaf〈root,Cd and Pb was leaf〈stem〈root,Cr was stem〈root〈leaf.The distribution of Cr,Ni in the lotus for root〈leaf〈stem,Cu was leaf〈root〈stem,Cd,Pb were mainly in the lotus leaf tissue.