三价铀有机络合物对小分子气体的活化研究

Trivalent Uranium Complex in Small Molecules Activation

铀是典型的锕系元素,具有高度极化性,可以利用5f轨道与相应配体进行配位.由三价铀化合物参与的典型反应类型主要有:迁移插入、σ键复分解反应和氧化还原反应等.这为研究和发展一系列结构新颖、反应独特的有机铀络合物和材料提供了重要的基础.在过去的20年中,化学家们发现三价铀有机络合物具有可以活化气体小分子的反应特点,由于其重要的科学研究意义及工业应用价值,该领域迅速得到了科学界的广泛关注和发展.工作主要针对三价铀有机络合物对一些小分子气体(N2,CO,CO2)的活化研究做一简要概述.

Uranium, one of typical actinide elements, has strong polarizing property. Using 5f orbitals for bonding with ligands, uranium（III） compounds have some unique reactivities including： migratory insertion, σ-bond metathesis and redox activity etc., which provides researchers with good opportunities to obtain organic uranium complexes or materials with unique structures and reactional properties. In the last 20 years, it has been found that trivalent uranium organic complexes exhibit a wide variety of activation towards small molecules. Due to the significant research and potential industrial value, this field has been well developed in recent years. Some research results for small molecules（such as N2, CO, CO2） activation promoted by trivalent uranium complexes were summarized in the paper.