基于智能视频语料库的日语多义寒暄语的语用研究——以「ごちそうさま」为例

A Pragmatic Study of Greetings in Japanese Based on a Smart Video Corpus——Taking the Example of "Gochisōsama"

本文从日语智能视频语料库中截取「ごちそうさま」的视频片段81个,分析得出其在不同语境下具有12种含义。其中"饭后礼节性的寒暄"和"承蒙款待后的道谢"所占比例较大。并总结出"揶揄对方男女关系亲密""逼迫对方请客""提醒店员结账"以及"非用餐者的「ごちそうさま」发话行为"等先行研究中鲜有探讨的含义。同时基于语用学理论分析得出其具有"维护自身利益""说话等于做事""代用""寒暄"等4种语用功能。

In this paper, the authors capture 81 short videos using the expression ＂gochisōsama＂ from the Japanese smart video corpus and conclude that ＂gochisōsama＂ has 12 meanings in different contexts. The courtesy greetings said after dinner and thanks after being regaled take a large proportion. The authors also summarize the implication of ＂joking about an intimate relationship between a man and woman＂, ＂forcing others to treat＂, ＂reminding the waiter to deliver the bill＂ and the＂gochisōsama＂ elocutionary act of one who isn＇t a diner＂, which are seldom discussed in the previous relevant studies.Meanwhile, the pragmatic functions of ＂maintaining own interests＂, ＂speaking equals doing＂, ＂substitution＂, and ＂greeting＂ are dug out based on the theory of pragmatics.