莱苞迪甙A的提取及精制工艺进展

Progress in Extraction and Refining Technology on Rebaudioside A

莱苞迪甙A(RA)是来源于甜叶菊叶片的提取物甜菊糖苷(SGs)的一种二萜类化合物,口味最接近于蔗糖,零热量且在人体内不参与代谢,无蓄积性,无毒性,广泛应用于饮料、食品及医药行业,是一种纯天然、低热量、高甜度的新型甜味剂,被誉为世界"第三类糖源",其开发利用具有很好的前景。因此,RA的提取及精制工艺成为研究的热点。RA的提取即是从甜叶菊叶片中提取SGs的过程。RA的精制方法主要有三类:(1)利用RA与SGs中其他组分的溶解性差异精制RA;(2)利用RA与SGs中其他组分的极性差异精制RA;(3)利用高分子聚合物大孔吸附树脂(MARs)的吸附特性精制RA。另外,膜分离技术(MST)近年来也被运用于甜菊糖甙A的精制。重结晶法和树脂法常用于工业生产RA,并且大孔吸附树脂法研究较集中。而利用RA与SGs中其他组分的极性差异精制RA多用于实验室精制和分析。

Rebaudioside A（ RA） is the main component of steviol glycosides（ SGs） which is extracted from stevia leaves. As a nonrestrictive used natural sweetener,RA has been used widely in the fields of beverages,foods and pharmaceutical industry,because of high sweetness,low calorie and no poisonous effect. RA is described as‘the third sweetener resources＇ in the world after sucrose and glucose. Therefore,the extraction and refining technology of RA is brought into research hotspot. There are three types of methods to separate RA from SGs through utilizing（ 1） RA solubility difference with other components of SGs,（ 2） RA polarity difference with other components of SGs and（ 3） adsorption properties of RA in macroporous adsorption resins（ MARs）. In addition,Membrane separation technique（ MST） is used to refine RA in recent years. Among them,recrystallization and resin method are used to produce RA in industry,and chromatography is often used in laboratory to refine RA.