毕节地区儿童社区获得性肺炎病原学特征分析

Pathogen spectrum of community-acquired pneumonia among children in Bijie region

目的 了解贵州毕节地区儿童社区获得性肺炎（CAP）细菌病原谱特征。方法 收集2011年7月—2013年10月毕节地区448例CAP儿童患者呼吸道痰液样本,进行病原菌培养和PCR法检测患者病原菌。结果70.76%患儿痰液病原学检测呈阳性,其中检出率最高的为肺炎链球菌,占18.08%,流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎卡他莫拉菌和肺炎克雷伯菌分别占10.49%、5.58%和2.46%。0~6个月年龄组的细菌总检出率最高达19.64%,〈5岁患儿占细菌总阳性检出率的43.53%。结论 毕节地区儿童CAP以肺炎链球菌感染为主,〈5岁患儿检出率较高。

Objective To examine bacterial pathogen spectrum of community-acquired pneumonia （CAP） among children in Bijie region of Guizhou province. Methods Sputum samples were collected from 448 CAP patients aged 0 - 14 years at a outpatient clinic of a general hospital from July 2011 to October 2013 ;bacteria cultivation and PCR test were conducted for the samples to isolate and identify pathogenic bacteria. Results Of all the samples detected,70. 76% were pathogenic bacteria positive and the detection rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 18. 08 %, 10.49% , 5.58 %, and 2.46 %, respectively. Among all the patients at various ages, those aged 0 -6 months showed the highest overall detection rate （ 19. 64% ） of bacterial pathogen and of the patients with positive bacteria detection results ,43.53 % were children less than 5 years old. Conclusion Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major pathogen among children with CAP and bacteria detection rate is relatively higher among child CAP patients in Bijie region of Guizhou province.