中国商品贸易结构升级了吗——基于贸易品类别、技术附加值和质量水平的分析

Is China's Trade Structure be Upgrading:Based on the Classification,Technology and Quality Indexes

文章从贸易品类别、技术附加值和质量水平三个角度对中国二十多年来商品贸易结构升级状况进行分析。根据贸易品类别,可以测算出高技术制成品在中国商品出口贸易中的占比不断提高;根据贸易品技术附加值,可以测算出中国出口贸易整体技术水平升级显著;利用质量水平指标,可以测算出中国大部分贸易品已从低质量层级向中高质量层级升级。通过分析中国与五个主要贸易伙伴国的双边贸易结构可以看出,虽然中国出口产品的技术水平和质量水平都在升级,但是与进口产品相比总体上处于劣势。

This paper use three indexes of classification,technology and quality to calculate China＇s export structure level changing path during past tw enty years. The conclusion of the direct classification imply that the proportion of high- technology in the export is grow ing. The technological value-added method tell us that the export structure is upgrading significantly. The goods- quality index indicates that the quality of export goods is promoted totally,especially of the low- level and those high- level technology goods. The bilateral trade calculation give the bust conclusion that the technology and quality of China ＇s trade structure is upgrading during past years,but it still has a distance to the US and Japan.