焦炉逸散物对工人血压和心电图的影响

Influence of coke oven emissions on workers＇ blood pressure and electrocardiographic findings

目的探讨焦炉逸散物对作业工人血压和心电图的影响，为心血管疾病防治提供依据。方法对某焦化厂焦炉作业处炉顶、炉侧、炉底进行焦炉逸散物浓度检测。选取该厂406名焦炉作业人员为接触组，办公人员201名为对照组，比较两组间血压、心电图等指标的差异；用多因素logistic回归分析高血压和心电图检出异常的影响因素。结果焦炉逸散物以炉顶的浓度最高，炉侧次之，炉底最低，与对照组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。接触组高血压、心电图及x线胸片检出异常率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（RO．05）。logistic回归分析显示，焦炉逸散物高浓度和年龄是高血压和心电图检出异常的危险因素（P〈0．05），焦炉逸散物高浓度致高血压、心电图异常的危险性分别是低浓度的1．7倍（OR=1．7）和1．9倍（OR=1．9）。结论除肺损伤外，焦炉逸散物对心血管也产生明显的危害，应该加强焦炉作业人员的防护。

Objective To investigate the influence of coke oven emissions on workers＇ blood pressure and electrocardiographic findings, and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Methods The concentration of coke oven emissions at tile bottom, side, and top of coke ovens was determined in a coking plant. A total of 406 coke oven workers were enrolled as exposure group and 201 office staff members were enrolled as control group. Blood pressure and electrocardiographic findings were compared between the two groups, and the multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the influencing factors for hypertension and abnormal electrocardiographic findings. Results The concentration of coke oven emissions was the highest at the top of coke ovens, followed by the side and bottom of coke ovens, and there was a significant difference between the exposure group and the control group （P〈0.01）. The exposure group had significantly higher detection rates of hypertension, abnormal electrocardiographic findings, and abnormal chest X-ray findings than the control group （P〈0.05）. The logistic regression analysis showed that high concentration of coke oven emission and age were risk factors for hypertension and abnormal electrocardiographic findings （P〈0.05）. The workers exposed to high-concentration coke oven emissions were more likely to experience hypertension and abnormal electrocardiographic findings than those exposed to low-concentration coke oven emissions （OR = 1.7 and 1.9）. Conclusion Besides lung injury, coke oven emissions also have adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. Therefore, more effective measures are needed to protect the health of coke oven workers.