无偿献血影响因素调查分析

Blood donation situation in Chengdu

目的回顾成都地区过去2年的全血献血情况,为今后开展无偿献血招募提供依据。方法从中心数据库中调取2012年1月-2013年12月期间的全血献血者数据,按照性别、年龄、学历、血型、民族以及献血量进行统计分析。2013年1-12月全血采集量按照采集地点进行分类统计。结果 2012年1月-2013年12月有246 625人参加311 856次献血,其中单次献血者176 707人,2013年采血量比2012年增加3.88%。献血者血型分布O型>A型>B型>AB型,男性与女性比例为1∶1,汉族占95%。献血者职业:学生27.17%,职员12.74%,农民9.66%。18-25岁年龄段献血者最多,其次是26-30岁段,单次献血者主要集中在18-25岁年龄段。文化程度主要以本科、大专、中专高中和初中为主,占献血者人数的92%。献血量以400 m L和300 m L为主。献血屋采集量占7%,采血车采集量占93%。2013年全血采集量献血屋占7%,固定采血点占62%,临时采血点占31%。主城区采集量高于郊县。结论成都地区献血人群学历以初中文化水平以上为主,年龄以18-30岁为主,尤其是单次献血者。需要提高服务质量和加大宣传将单次献血者保留成重复献血者。冬夏季是全年2个采血量较低的阶段,需要发动更多的市民参与献血,满足临床用血需要,献血屋的使用效率有待进一步提高。献血服务网点的血液采集,目前基本能满足临床用血需要,如能进一步规划完善,各献血服务网点的采集能力还会进一步提高。

Objective To analyze the blood donation data in Chengdu in the past two years and to provide the scientific basis for recruitment of blood donors. Methods Whole blood donors’ data from January 2012 to December 2013 were collected. Statistical analysis was performed according to donors’ gender,age,education,nationality and blood collection volume. Whole blood collection data during January and December 2013 were collected. Again,a statistical analysis was performed according to collection sites. Results From 2012 to 2013,246 625 blood donors donated 311 856 whole blood units. Among which,176 707 donors only donated once. Collection volume increased by 3. 88% in 2013 than 2012. The distribution of blood type was as followed： O 〉 A 〉 B 〉 AB. The male to female ratio was 1 ∶ 1. Han nationality accounted for95%. In terms of occupation,the data were as followed： student 27. 17%,clerks 12. 74%,farmers 9. 66%. The majority of donors were 18-25 years old,the next age range was 26-30 years old. Donors who donated once were mainly concentrated in the 18-25 age range. The level of education is mainly concentrated in college,high school and middle school,which accounted for 92%. Blood were mainly collected in 400 ml and 300 ml units. Among blood collection sites,blood donation center accounted for 7% of collection volume,while blood collecting vehicle accounted for 93%. In 2013,blood donation center accounted for 7%,fixed collection sites accounted for62%,while temporary blood collection sites accounted for 31%.Conclusion Majority of donors have more than middle school education,and are in 18-30 age range,especially donors whodonated once. There is a need to convert one-time donors to repeat donors. Summer and winter were low seasons in blood collection. During this time,more people are needed to participate in blood donation in order to meet the need for clinical use. The efficiency of blood donation center needs to be further improved. The establishment of a blood donation service network can basically meet the clinical demand of blood. In order to better meet the need for clinical use,the collecting ability of blood collection network should also be further improved.