绝缘子表面积污规律的数值模拟研究

Study of the Numerical Simulation of the Law Governing the Foul Deposition on the Surface of an Insulator

为了研究输电线路悬挂绝缘子表面的积污规律，本文以XWP2—160型绝缘子为研究对象，利用计算流体力学方法，对大气中的污染物颗粒在绝缘子周边的运动和沉积进行数值模拟，分析了风速、质量浓度、颗粒粒径对绝缘子表面积污速率和区域的影响。研究结果表明，模拟结果与实验结果具有较好的一致性，所建立的数学模型能够较好地反映绝缘子表面的积污规律；绝缘子表面积污密度随风速的增加而增加并且增速逐渐增大，上表面与下表面积污密度的比值随风速的增加逐渐减小；绝缘子表面积污密度与质量浓度呈线性增加关系；不同粒径的颗粒在绝缘子表面的沉积区域呈现出不同的规律；绝缘子上表面，0～20μm颗粒的沉积数目几乎不受粒径影响，大于20μm颗粒的沉积数目随着粒径的增加而增加并且增速逐渐增大；绝缘子下表面，0～20μm颗粒的沉积数目随粒径增加迅速下降，20～50μm颗粒沉积数目回升，50～100μm颗粒沉积数目下降，一直100μm时接近于零。

To investigate the law governing the foul deposition on the surface insulators in transmission lines,with model XWP2-160 insultors serving as the object of study and by employing the CFD method,a numerical simulation was performed of the movement and deposition of pollutant particles in the atmosphere around the insulators to analyze the influence of the wind speed,mass concentration and particle diameters on the foul deposition speed and areas on the surface of the insularors. It has been found that the simulation results are in relatively good agreement with the test ones and the mathematical model thus established can relatively good reflect the law governing the foul deposition on the surface of the insulators. The density of fouls deposited on the surface of the insulators will increase with an increase of the wind speed and such an increment speed will gradulally increase. The foul density ratio of the top and bottom surface will gradually decrease with an increase of the wind speed and the foul density and mass concentration on the surface of the insulators will increase in a linear relationship. The particles in various particle diameters will assume their different laws in the foul deposition areas on the surface of the insulators. On the top surface of the insultors,the number of particles at a diameter ranging from 0 to 20 μm deposited on the surface of the insulators will be almost not influenced by the particle diameter while that at a diameter bigger than 20 μm deposited on the surface will increase with an increase of the particle diameter and such an increment speed will gradually increase. On the bottom surface of the insulators,the number of particles at a diameter ranging from 0 to 20 μm deposited on the surface of the insulators will decrease rapidly with the particle diameter but that at a diameter ranging from 20 to 50 μm will go up and that at a diameter falling in a range from 50 to 100 μm will decrease,approaching to zero until the particle diameter reaches 100 μm.