我国高校创业教育组织模式:趋同成因与现实消解

Organizational Model of Entrepreneurship Education in HEIs in China:Factors of Convergence and Strategies of Dispelling

中国高校创业教育组织模式演化可以划分为酝酿期(1997-2002年)、多样化探索期(2002-2015年)和聚合期(2015年至现在)三个阶段。根据组织制度理论,当前我国高校创业教育组织模式趋同主要受到资源依赖与追求合法性的强制性同形、目标模糊和技术不确定性下的模仿性同形、规范性与专业性不足导致低水平同形三个机制的影响。我国需要从拓展资源来源渠道、扩大学科渗透和促进规范发展三个角度消解创业教育组织模式的趋同倾向。

The evolution of entrepreneurship education （EE） organizational models in HEIs in China can be divided into three stages, namely, formation stage （1997-2002）, diversified exploration stage （2002-2015） and convergence stage （2015-the present）. According to Organizational Institutionalism Theory, this convergence can be explained by the following three mechanism： coercive isomorphism affected by resource dependence and pursuit of legitimacy; mimetic processes affected by ambiguous goals or unclear solutions; and low level of normative isomorphism caused by the lack of professionalization. In order to dispel the convergence trend of organizational structure, the HEIs should diversify resource channels, expand the combination of disciplines and entrepreneurship and promote the normative development of EE.