omega-3治疗大鼠干眼的实验研究

Effects of omega-3 for dry eye in rats

目的 探讨omega-3治疗苯扎氯铵诱导的大鼠干眼的疗效及其可能机制。方法 45只6～8周龄SD大鼠，随机分为3组，每组15只。生理盐水组用生理盐水灌胃，橄榄油组用橄榄油灌胃，omega-3组用omega-3灌胃，连续2个月。2个月后，3组分别接受15d的苯扎氯铵诱导干眼，干眼诱导期间大鼠灌胃同前。在干眼诱导当天、第5天、第10天、第15天观察泪液分泌量、泪膜破裂时间（tearbreak-uptime，ＢUT）和角膜荧光素染色评分，干眼诱导第15天行大鼠角膜和结膜组织的HE染色。结果 干眼诱导第15天omega-3组泪液分泌量比橄榄油组和生理盐水组明显增多，差异均有统计学意义（P＝0．023、0．027）。干眼诱导第10天、第15天omega-3组ＢUT较橄榄油组和生理盐水组明显变长，差异均有统计学意义（均为P＜0．05）。干眼诱导第15天omega-3组角膜荧光素染色评分比橄榄油组和生理盐水组明显减少，差异均有统计学意义（P＝0．012、0．015）。干眼诱导第15天omega-3组角膜、结膜组织与正常角膜、结膜组织相似。橄榄油组和生理盐水组角膜上皮细胞层次明显增加，表层细胞不规则缺失，基底细胞排列紊乱，基质层少许水肿；结膜上皮结构不完整，排列不规则，结膜上皮细胞增生，基底层细胞排列不整齐，可见炎性细胞浸润。结论 omega-3能有效抑制泪液分泌量，增强泪膜稳定性，保护角膜和结膜组织。

Objective To discuss the efficacy and possible mechanism of omega- 3 for dry eye induced by topical administration of benzalkonium chloride in rats. Meth- Forty-five 6 -8 weeks old SD rats were divided randomly into three groups,15 cases in each group. The normal saline group was given normal saline irrigation treatment, olive oil group with olive oil irrigation treatment,and omega-3 group with omega-3 irrigation treatment. After 2 months, the dry eyes in three groups were induced by topical administration of benzalkonium chloride for 15 days. The tear secretion volume, tear break-up time （BUT） and corneal fluorescein staining scores were detected at 0 day,5 days,10 days, 15 days after induction. After the end of treatment, the rat corneal and conjunctival pathological HE staining was performed. Results At 15 days after induction,the tear secretion volume in the omega-3 group was higher than those in the olive oil group and normal saline group ,and the differences were statistically significant （P = 0. 023 ,0. 027 ） . At 10 days and 15 days after induction,BUT in the omega-3 group were obviously higher than those in the olive oil group and normal saline group, and the differences were statistically significant （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. At 15 days after induction, the corneal fluorescein staining scores in the omega-3 group was obviously lower than those in the olive oil group and normal saline group ,and the differences were statistically significant （P =0. 012,0. 015 ）. At 15 days after induction, compared with the omega-3 group, corneal epithelial cell levels in the olive oil group and normal saline group were increased significantly, the rules of surface cells disappeared, the basal cells disar- ranged,the cells in stromal layer were edema; The conjunctival epithelial structure in the olive oil group and normal saline group was not completed and irregularly arranged, the conjunctival epithelial cells were proliferated, the basal cells arranged irregularly, and the inflammatory ceils infiltration was seen. Conclusion Omega-3 can effectively inhibit the tear secretion,increase the stability of tear films and protect the corneal and conjunctival tissues.