论相对不起诉概念的重构

Reconstruction of the concept of discretionary non- prosecution

在我国刑事诉讼法所界定的相对不起诉概念中,将被不起诉人的行为界定为犯罪行为,在理论上和实践中都会导致一系列问题。对被不起诉人行为的犯罪定性评价,有违我国刑事诉讼法所确立的无罪推定原则,侵犯了被不起诉人的权利;同时与其他相关方相比,我国刑事诉讼立法确立的相对不起诉制度体系中,对被不起诉人不服不起诉处理决定的救济途径单一,且实现的可能性较小。应该在立法界定的相对不起诉概念中,舍弃对被不起诉人行为犯罪性质的评价,而相应给予刑事违法性的评价,并进一步完善对被不起诉人不服处理决定的救济程序。

The acts of the non - defendant are defined as criminal acts in the Criminal Procedure Law of PRC, which will lead to a series of theoretical and practical problems. The criminal evaluation on the acts of the non - defendant is a violation of the principle of the pre- sumption of innocence, and shall violate the rights of non - defendants. The approaches of the remedies for non - defendants under the Criminal Procedural Law of PRC are comparatively simple and are less likely applicable. We should replace the criminal evaluation with the corresponding criminal illegality evaluation in the criminal procedure law and provides easily attainable remedies for non - defendants.