G20结构性改革的进展与评述

Review of G20 Structural Reform

本文回顾了G20增长框架下结构性改革议程的演变,并对美国、欧盟、日本、韩国、英国、巴西、俄罗斯、印度、南非等主要G20经济体在中国作为G20主席国期间通过的经济改革政策进行了梳理和评述,得出四点结论:第一,G20各经济体已经逐步认识到通过结构性改革提升潜在增长率的重要性;第二,主要G20经济体均积极开展结构性改革,重点关注的领域包括基础设施投资、财政可持续性和包容性,但是发达国家和发展中国家关注的侧重点存在差异,未来G20对结构性改革议题的关注应当注重各国结构性改革的共性和差异性;第三,主要G20经济体实际开展的结构性改革及国际组织建议的结构性改革优先领域存在分歧,因此G20可进一步寻求各国可进行国际协调的结构性改革领域,在国际合作层面为结构性改革提供支持;第四,G20可加强各国结构性改革经验交流与合作。

This article reviews the evolution of the structural reform issue under the G20 FrameworkWorking Group(FWG) and reform progress in major G20 countries, including the US, EU,Japan, Korea, the UK, Brazil, Russia, India and South Africa during China's presidency. Wehave reached four conclusions: First, G20 countries have realized the importance of structuralreform. Second, major G20 countries have implemented structural reforms actively with majorfocus on infrastructure, fiscal sustainability and inclusive growth. But the focuses of developedand developing countries differ. The G20 should pay attention to the similarity and differencesof structural reforms of those countries. Third, the reforms implemented by G20 countries differfrom the reform plans suggested by international institutions. The G20 should seek to figure outreforms that can be coordinated among concerned countries and support internationalcoordination. Last but not least, the G20 can enhance communication and cooperation topromote sharing of structural reform experiences among concerned countries.