泰国克拉地峡东西海岸带红树林变化遥感分析

Remote sensing monitoring of the mangrove forests resources of Kra Isthmus in Thailand

针对克拉地峡红树林的保护问题,应用多时相的Landsat、HJ-1B数据和SRTM高程数据,采用最大似然法对泰国克拉地峡东西海岸带的红树林变化进行了遥感监测和对比分析。结果表明:(1)在克拉地峡地区,西海岸带红树林分布比较广泛,面积较大,东海岸带分布较少并且分布较集中,面积较小;(2)近40 a来红树林面积总体上在减少,东海岸总体减少比例较大,西海岸红树林减少比例较小。东西海岸带红树林的大量减少都集中在1989年到2001年间;(3)克拉地峡东西海岸带的红树林减少的主要影响因素不同。在东海岸,对红树林破坏的最主要因素是养虾池的建立;在西海岸,城市化扩张、海岸带开发是造成红树林减少的主要原因。

In view of the issue of mangrove resources protection in Kra Isthmus,we have monitored and analyzed the changes of the mangrove resources in the eastern and western coastal,using the data of Landsat,HJ-1B and SRTM and taking the Maximum likelihood method. The results indicate that：（ 1） The mangrove in the western coastal of Kra Isthsums have a wide distribution and large area. While,they have less,centralized distribution and small area in the eastern coastal.（ 2） In recent 40 years,the areas of the mangrove have reduced in general. In contrast with western coastal,the area of eastern coastal have decreased dramatically. However,the large amount of reducing allconcentrated in a certain period of time from 1989 to 2001.（ 3） The main influence factors that causing the changes were different in the eastern and western coastal. In the eastern coastal,the excessive building of shrimp ponds is the major reason; but the expansion of urbanization and coastal exploitation are the main cause in the western coastal.