增强现实(AR)技术的教育应用综述

Review on Augmented Reality in Education

增强现实(AR)是虚拟现实(VR)技术的延伸。基于增强现实的交互手段给教育者提供了新的方式表达给学习对象,也用最贴近自然的交互方式为学习者搭建一个自主探索的空间。增强现实技术具有五方面的特性,它在教育中的应用潜力主要体现在:抽象的学习内容可视化、形象化;支持泛在环境下的情境式学习;提升学习者的存在感、直觉和专注度;使用自然方式交互学习对象;传统学习与新型学习相结合。增强现实技术的教育应用涵盖着课堂学习(学科分类)和课外非正式学习,目前在国内外的教育中已经有了不少实践,并初步形成了基于角色扮演、基于位置和基于任务的三类增强现实学习环境教学方式。当然,增强现实技术教育应用也还面临着一些挑战和发展机遇。

Augmented Reality （AR） is an extend of Virtual Reality. The presentation of AR, which is based on real world scenes and enhanced by virtual data, provides a more intuitive and natural way to teach and interact with information, and creates a powerful space for exploration. The features of AR, as well as the potential in education are： （ 1 ） visualizing abstract learning content; （2） supporting contextual learning in ubiquitous environment; （3） enhancing learners＇ immersion, intuition and concentration; （4） interacting learning objects in a natural way;（5）eombining traditional and new learning style. There are many case studies of AR application from discipline classification and informal learning, in which the instructional approaches can be classified into three major categories： role-based, locations-based and tasks-based. Of course, the application of AR technology in education is facing a number of challenges and opportunities.