玉米种质资源子粒容重和品质性状差异性分析

Difference Analysis of Kernel Test Weight and Nutritional Quality Traits in Maize( Zea mays L. ) Germplasm Resources

以290份遗传多样性丰富的玉米自交系为研究材料,探究子粒容重和营养品质的关系,对不同杂种优势群的玉米子粒容重进行多重比较,筛选各杂种优势群中容重较高的自交系。研究结果表明:不同自交系的容重差异达到极显著水平,子粒容重与脂肪含量、淀粉含量分别呈极显著、显著正相关关系,与水分含量和赖氨酸含量呈极显著负相关关系,与蛋白质含量呈显著负相关关系。通径分析表明,脂肪含量、淀粉含量、蛋白质含量、赖氨酸含量和水分含量对容重的直接作用系数分别为0.2821、0.1289、-0.0558、-0.1825和-0.3376。P群、旅大红骨、唐四平头群与兰卡斯特的子粒容重在0.05显著性水平上有统计学意义。另外,瑞德群中高容重自交系包括W222、掖8112等,兰卡斯特中高容重自交系包括W64a、P167、吉63等,P群中高容重自交系包括黄昌b、R136、陕89等,旅大红骨中高容重自交系包括农系5678、Lo415、B100等,唐四平头中高容重自交系包括黄昌a、D33A、浚926等。

A set of 290 maize inbred lines with abundant genetic diversity were employed to make an exploration of relationship between kernel test weight and nutritional quality traits, after which, multiple comparison was performed to learn about the difference of kernel test weight among different heterosis groups,and excellent lines were screened from every heterosis group. The results were as followed. Significant difference was found for different lines, in addition ,significantly positive correlation was observed between kernel test weight and fat content, while positive correlation was observed between test weight and starch content, conversely, test weight showed significantly negative correlation with moisture content and lysine content and showed negative correlation with protein content. The pass analysis also indicated that direct decision coefficients of fat content, starch content, protein content, lysine content and moisture content on test weight were -0. 3376,0. 2821,0. 1289, -0. 0558 and -0. 1825. At the significant level of 0. 05, there were differences of test weight between P group, LRC, TangSPT and Lancaster. Different heterosis groups had their excellent lines which partly were W222 and ye8112 in Reid,W64a,P167 and ji63 in Lancaster,huangchang b, R136 and shan89 in P group, nongxi5678, Lo415, B100 in LRC, and huangchang a, D33A, xun926 in TangSPT.