油茶果壳化学成分与燃烧性能分析

Research of chemical composition and combustion performance of Camellia oleifera fruit shells

参照造纸原料中化学成分测定的相关国家标准(GB/T 2677.1-GB/T 2677.10)测定油茶果壳的主要成分,用热重分析仪对油茶果壳的热解行为进行探究,用锥形量热仪对油茶果壳、杉木片、杨木片的燃烧性能进行比较分析。结果表明:(1)油茶果壳中苯醇抽出物分别是花生壳的2倍以及核桃壳的4倍左右,半纤维素含量比花生壳高1.5倍,比核桃壳高1.9倍;(2)随着升温速率的增加,达到相同热失重所需的热解温度升高,因此不同的升温速率对油茶果壳整个热解过程具有直接影响;(3)在燃烧过程中,杉木的比消光面积的均值约是油茶果壳的2.9倍,杨木是油茶果壳的8.3倍,说明油茶果壳产烟量低具有良好的抑烟效果,直接燃烧对环境较安全;综上所述,理论上油茶果壳是一种理想的制备生物质能源的原料,未来可以进行深入探索。

According to the national standard （GB/T 2677.1-GB/T 2677.10）, the main components of C. oleifera fruit shell was determined. It explored that pyrolysis characteristics of C. oleifera fruit shell by thermogravimetric analyzer, and comparatively studied the lfame retardancy of C. oleifera fruit shell, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Sp. poplar by cone calorimeter. The results indicated that （1） Benzene alcohol extractive of C. oleifera is twice of peanut shell and 4 times of walnut shell. Hemicellulose of C. oleifera fruit shell is 1.5 times higher than peanut shell and 1.9 times higher than walnut shell. （2）With increasing heating rate, that need higher pyrolysis temperature to reach the same thermal weight loss, so different heating rate have a directly inlfuence on C. oleifera fruit shell’s pyrolysis process. （3） In the combustion process, the mean SEA of Cunninghamia lanceolata and poplar separately is about 2.9 and 8.3 times of C. oleifera fruit shell. It means that C. oleifera fruit shell has ideal smoke suppression effect and is safe to environment because of bringing low smoke production during combustion. All the analysis shows that C. oleifrea fruit shell is an ideal raw material for preparing biomass energy. The future can be carried out in-depth exploration.