KPC-2基因在克雷伯菌属中传播机制研究

The Transmission of KPC-2 Gene in Klebsiella Species

目的 研究克雷伯菌属对亚胺培南耐药机制以及KPC-2基因在克雷伯菌属中传播机制。方法 收集四川大学华西医院两个阶段（2009~2010年和2012~2013年）分离的对亚胺培南耐药的克雷伯菌属细菌。琼脂稀释法测定亚胺培南最低抑菌浓度（MIC）,CARB ChromID平板和改良Hodges试验检测碳青霉烯耐药表型,PCR检测细菌的KPC-2基因表达。质粒接合试验检测质粒传播性。随机引物扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）方法和肠杆菌基因间重复一致序列聚合酶链反应（ERIC-PCR）技术分别用于分析质粒和菌株的同源性。结果 第一阶段筛选并确证耐亚胺培南的3株产酸克雷伯菌首先获得碳青酶烯类抗生素耐药性,第二阶段筛选并确证耐亚胺培南的7株肺炎克雷伯菌出现相同的获得性耐药。PCR显示10株细菌均携带KPC-2型基因。质粒接合试验显示产酸克雷伯菌中携带KPC-2基因的质粒可以传递到受体菌,且与KPC-2基因阳性的肺炎克雷伯菌中携带的质粒具有同源性。ERIC-PCR结果显示7株KPC-2基因阳性的肺炎克雷伯菌具有同源性。结论 四川大学华西医院分离的对亚胺培南耐药的肺炎克雷伯菌和产酸克雷伯菌主要耐药机制是产生KPC-2型碳青霉烯酶。产酸克雷伯菌中携带KPC-2基因质粒,该质粒具有传递性且与肺炎克雷伯菌携带质粒相同。肺炎克雷伯菌中耐药株的传播形式为同一克隆传播,而在克雷伯菌属中不同菌种间耐药传播途径为同一质粒的水平传播。

Objective To explore the mechanisms of imipenem resistance in Klebsiella spp. and the transmission of Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase-2 （KPC - 2） gene in Klebsiella species. Methods The imipenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca were isolated in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University in 2009/2010 and 2012/2013. Their minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） was determined by agar dilution method. CARB ChromID plate and improved Hodge test were undertaken to detect carbapenemases resistant phenotype. PCR method was used for detecting KPC-2 gene. Plasmid transmission was detected by plasmid conjugation tests. The homology of the plasmids and the strains was analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR（ERIC-PCR） methods. Results Three strains of Klebsiella oxytoca collected in 2009/2010 and 7 Klebsiella pneumoniae collected in 2012/2013 developed carbapenemases resistance, all of which carried KPC-2 gene. The 3 KPC-2 positive plasmids isolated from Klebsiella oxytoca transited to recipient organisms and showed homology with the 7 KPC-2 gene positive plasmids isolated from Klebsiella pneumoniae. The ERIC-PCR showed homology of the 7 KPC positive Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusion Carbapenemases in Klebsiella spp. with expressed KPC-2 gene contribute to the development of resistance in this hospital. The transmission of KPC-2 plasmid in Klebsiella oxytoca may cause imipenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumonia. The horizontal transmission may be the main mechanism in the spread of imipenem resistance in Klebsiella spp.