西洋参茎叶中皂苷、多糖联合提取工艺研究

Combined Extraction Process of Saponia and Polysaccharide from Stalk and Leaves of American Ginseng

目的:研究西洋参茎叶中皂苷与多糖的联合提取工艺。方法:用水对西洋参茎叶回流提取,再利用D101大孔树脂进行分离,先用水洗脱得多糖,再分别用30%、60%、90%乙醇洗脱,水饱和的正丁醇萃取得皂苷与多糖,以人参皂苷Re对照品为定量标准,通过香草醛-高氯酸显色法测总皂苷含量,再以苯酚-浓硫酸法测多糖含量,确定能同时保证皂苷和多糖有较高提取率的方法,并尽可能简化工艺,以适用于工业化生产。结果:将西洋参茎叶的水提液经D101大孔树脂分离,先用水洗脱,再用60%乙醇洗脱,对醇洗脱液用水饱和的正丁醇萃取,最终能同时得到有较高提取率的皂苷与多糖,分别为65.0 mg/g、60.6 mg/g。结论:本实验以西洋参茎叶为原料,同时提取出了较高含量的皂苷和多糖,提高了西洋参茎叶的利用率,而且工艺简单,适合于工业化生产。

Objective ： To study the combined extraction process of Saponia and Polysaccharide from the stalk and leav- es of American Ginseng. Methods： They were extracted by water,and then isolated by macroporous resin（ D101 ）. Eluted by water to obtain polysaccharide and then extract by n -butyl alcohol after eluted by ethanol（30% ,60% ,90% ） to gain saponia and polysaccharide. Taking ginseng saponin Re standards as masker, measure the content of total saponins by vanilline - perchloric acid and polysaccharide by phenol - sulphuric acid. Determine the way ensuring higher yield of sa- ponia and polysaccharide at the same time. And try to simplify the technology to be suited to industrial production. Re- sults： The water- extraction of American ginseng was isolated by macroporous resin（ D101 ）. First, they were eluted by water and then eluted by ethanol（60% ） and extracted by n - butyl alcohol. Gain higher extraction ratio of saponia and polysaccharide at the same time ultimately, which were 65.0 mg/g and 60.6 mg/g. Conclusion ： This experiment extrac- ted higher contents of saponia and polysaccharide from the stalk and leaves of American Ginseng. Increasing usage of stalk and leaves of American Ginseng. And it was simple and fit for industrial production.