商业银行应加速收入结构多元化吗

Should Commercial Banks Accelerate the Income Structure Diversification?

鉴于利率市场化趋势背景,银行传统存贷业务发展遇挫,经营风险上升。在新格局下,加速推进收入结构多元化是否为银行发展与转型的最优选择?本文通过对2007—2015年16家上市商业银行季度面板数据研究发现,我国商业银行目前开展的收入结构多元化会加剧银行经营风险和信贷风险,并且收入结构多元化不仅会减弱资本充足率对银行风险的约束力度,还能通过存款实际利率与净利差恶化利率市场化对银行风险的影响。从风险控制的角度看,本文认为商业银行不适宜加速多元化来应对存款利率市场化冲击,而应更注重提高零售贷款业务质量,加强自身风险管理能力与金融服务能力。

In view of the trend of interest rate marketization, the development of traditional deposit and loan business in bank encounters setbacks and the management risk is increased. In the new situation, is it whether acceleration of income structure diversification is the optimum choice or not for bank development and transformation？ According to the quarterly panel data of 16 listed commercial banks from 2007 to 2015, it is found that the income structure diversification currently implemented in commercial banks in China exacerbates the management risk and credit risk, and income structure diversification can not only weaken the constraint efforts of capital adequacy ratio to the banking risks, but also deteriorate the effects caused by the interest rate marketization to bank risk through the margin of real interest rate of deposit and net interest of deposit. From the perspec- tive of risk management, this paper holds that it is not suitable for commercial banks to accelerate diversification to deal with the impact of the marketization of deposit interest rate. On the contrary, commercial banks should focus on the improvement of the quality of retail business and strengthen risk management and financial services.