论水运条件对明清时期湘潭经济的影响

The Waterway Transportation Influence on the Economy of Xiangtan during the Ming and Qing Dynasties

在铁路和公路出现以前,水运一直都是最重要的运输方式之一。水运条件良好,航道便利,港口优良,码头众多,是湘潭成为明清时期湖南"水陆之会"的重要原因。明清时期湘潭的粮食、蓝靛、茶叶、药材等贸易非常繁荣,经济发展迅速,享有"小南京""金湘潭"的美誉。海禁取消以后,湘潭的商业贸易受到很大的影响。铁路、公路出现以后,湘潭失去了水路交通优势,商业贸易的中心地位被长沙取代。

Before the railway and road transportation,waterway transportation had always been one ofthe most important means of transportation. Waterway condition is good,channel is convenient,harbor is excellent,dock is numerous,and they are the important reasons that Xiangtan became Hunan＇s ＂center withwaterway transportation and road transportation1 _in Ming and Qing dynasties. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the trade with grain,indigo,tea,medicinal materials in Xiangtan was very prosperous,economicdevelopment was rapid,enjoying＂ small Nanjing＂ , ＂ golden Xiangtan＂ reputation. However, commercialtrade in Xiangtan was affected greatly since the ban with maritime trade canceled. After the appearance ofrailway and highway,Xiangtan lost the advantage of waterway transportation,and the center position of commercialtrade was replaced by Changsha.