探月飞行器效能评估研究与实践

Research and Practice on Effectiveness Evaluation for Lunar Explorer

航天器飞行效能评估是整器级测试验证以及在轨飞行结果评价中不可或缺的重要环节,针对我国探月三期月地高速再入返回飞行试验,提出了一种基于任务剖面的航天器飞行效能评估方案;提取7个任务剖面、17个约束条件,建立面向月地再入返回过程的指标评估体系;通过定量、定性指标量化计算、权重系数层次分析法计算各任务剖面的能力度量值,解决了系统目标完成能力不易定量描述的难题,实现了对月地转移段、大气层外自由飞行段、再入段、跃出段等过程自主飞行能力的科学定量评估,对后续月球无人采样返回、火星探测等探测器系统的效能评估具有一定参考意义;该方法已应用于月地高速再入返回飞行器系统。

Effectiveness evaluation is an indispensable part in spacecraft integral testing and in-orbit flight.For the first moon-earth high-speed reentry flight,an program of flying qualities evaluation was proposed based on mission section.An evaluation index system for moon-earth high-speed reentry is achieved by extracting 7mission section,17 constraints including 49 key parameters.A capability quantitative estimation for mission section is established based on the method of quantifying quantitative qualitative indicators and confirming coefficient with Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP）.It can be used in the problems with quantitative calculation the ability of the aircraft to achieving targets.The new method is applied to moon-earth high-speed reentry spacecraft.