凯·尼尔森对机会平等和结果平等理论的互镜与兼顾

Discussion on Kai Nielsen' s Theory of Equality of Opportunity and Equality of Result

面对当代西方政治哲学领域中追求机会平等和结果平等的正义之辨,凯·尼尔森力求秉承马克思主义正义观和阶级分析法,运用阶级分析法和反思平衡方法,强调机会平等是最小化的社会平等概念,对结果平等的追求具有可欲性与可行性,实现结果平等是保障人类自由的基础,是平等主义的最终追求。尼尔森的理论对于国家和政府保障机会平等、推动结果平等,彰显国家伦理,完善社会主义正义体系均具有重要启示意义。

Facing with the arguments of equality of opportunity and equality of result in the contemporary western political philosophy, Kai Nielsen tries to inherit Marxism doctrine of justice and class analysis. He applies class analysis and reflective equilibrium to emphasize the conception that equality of opportunity is the minimum concept of social equality, that the pursuit of equality of result is desirable and feasible. The realization of equality of result not only ensures the basis of human freedom but also is the ultimate goal of egalitarianism. Kai Nielsen＇s theory provides significant inspiration for state and government ensuring equality of opportunity and promoting equality of result,demonstrating state ethics, perfecting socialist system of justice.