“规训式”师生关系的在场与超越——基于福柯规训理论的师生关系研究

The Presence of “Discipline”Teacher-Student Relationship and Others Based on Foucault Discipline Theory Study

福柯认为,规训就是运用空间固定、时间控制等技术手段对个体的身体进行分配和分类,以期达到通过培养驯顺的肉体的方式来实现精神控制的目的。从福柯规训理论视野来看,当下的师生关系本质上是一种规训关系。"规训式"师生关系建构技术包括:选择课堂知识、分配课堂空间、控制学生活动、筹划学生的创生以及统筹学生能力。层级监视、规范化裁决、效果的检查是实现"规训式"师生关系的策略。教师是塑造"规训式"师生关系的主要推手,因此,从教师方面入手,要求教师审慎运用教育权力,相信学生是理性的存在;要求教师尊重学生的生活体验,相信学生是道德的存在;建构对话性师生关系,相信教化的力量。这些手段有利于超越"规训式"的师生关系,回归师生关系本真。

According to Foucault, discipline is the use of fixed space and time control technology on individual body of distribution and classification, to achieve the docile body training to achieve the purpose of controlling spirit. From the perspective of Foucault＇ s discipline theory, the relationship between teachers and students is essentially a discipline relationship. aDiscipline〉, teacher -student relationship structure technology includes the selection of knowledge in the classroom, the classroom space allocation and control of student activities, the students＇s creation and overall ability of students planning. Level monitoring, standardized ruling, the effect of the inspection is to achieve the discipline＊J of the relationship between teachers and students. Teachers are the main driving force to shape the relationship between teachers and students, to request the teacher to prudent use of the right to education to believe students being rational beings ; teachers are required to respect students＇s life experience to believe students being the existence of morality; construction dialogue relationship between teachers and students to believe the education having the cultivating power. These measures are conducive to go beyond the discipline of teacher-student relationship and the relationship between teachers and students are to be true.