历史唯物主义视角下的知识产权

Intellectual Property from the Perspective of Historical Materialism

基于历史唯物主义视角,提出知识产权只是为人的智力劳动披上了一件法律的外衣,所包含的最本质的内核仍然是人的智力劳动,是抽象的人的智力劳动的具体表现形态,如果从其产生和运用的动态全过程考察,这个过程既包括了人进行智力劳动的精神过程,也包括了人的智力劳动成果运用时的"物化"过程。从历史的角度探讨知识产权制度建立的原因,并提出我国在知识产权制度调整上,尤其要注意除了包括知识产权制度运行的一般性的、共性的内容外,还要充分考虑我国公有制为主体、多种所有制并存的社会主义经济制度基础的特殊性,既要发挥知识产权制度高效配置创新资源、有效保护创新者利益、加快传播创新信息等方面的积极作用,同时也要防止对创新成果的过度垄断、加剧创新收益分配的不公平等方面的负面作用。

b Based on the perspective of historical materialism, the paper puts forward the view that intellectual property is nothing but a legal cloak of human intellectual labor. Its fundamental core is still the human intellectual labor. It is the concrete manifestation of the abstract human intellectual labor. Examining the whole dynamic process of production and utilization of the intellectual property, we can see that this process includes not only the mental process of intellectual labor, but also the physical process of IP？s materialization. The paper discusses, from the perspective of history, the reasons for the establishment of intellectual property system. At the same time, the paper also points out that in adjusting the IP system, China should fully consider her socialist economic system whose main body is the public ownership, with coexistence of various ownerships, as well as the general and common things about the IP system. The intellectual property system should play an active role to effectively allocate innovative resources, to effectively protect the interests of innovators, to accelerate the dissemination of innovative information and to stimulate innovation; meanwhile, it should avoid the negative effects that hinder innovation,such as the excessive monopoly of the innovation, and the unfair income distribution of innovation.