对美国NFPA101《生命安全规范》的探析

Exploration and Enlightenment of US NFPA101 " Life Safety Code"

美国NFPA 101《生命安全规范》(以下简称NFPA 101)经过100多年的发展完善,体系渐趋成熟,由于其出色的工作,在美国生命安全保障工作中发挥了巨大作用。运用文献资料法对美国NFPA101进行探析,深入分析其发展历程,对其在美国的实际应用现状进行分析,以期为我国逃生自救训练的发展,以及生命安全教育提供有效借鉴。在借鉴经验的基础上,提出启示:提高家庭与学校对增强逃生自救技能学习的意识;制订专门的政策和法规,扶持逃生培训行业发展;以学校、培训机构为依托,培养高素质的专业型人才;中小学体育与健康课程中增加逃生自救训练内容;重点培养高校学生的逃生自救技能。

After more than 100 years of development, the system of US N F PA 101 ＂L ife Safety Code＇1 （hereinafter referred as NFPA 101） is yet to mature,b. Because of its excellent w o rk ,N F PA 101 it played a huge role in the safe security work in the United States. Through using the method of literature review, this paper made a deeply thorough analysis on the historical development and practical application of US NFPA 101. The main purpose is to provide the reference for escape save and life safety education. Based on it,some suggestions are put forward： improving home-school learning for enhancing the awareness of escape self-help skills formulating specific policies and regulations to support the development of training industry to escape; with schools, training institutions as the basis, cultivating high-quality professional talents. The primary and middle school physical education and health curriculum in primary and secondary schools should increase escape self-help training content; ,and focus on training college students^ escape self-help skills.