糯性加工食品餐后血糖及饱腹感评价

Postprandial Glycemic Response and Satiety Evaluation of Glutinous Rice Foods

为了研究糯性加工食品餐后生理反应,选择以粳糯米和籼糯米为原料制成的米饭、年糕、油饭、油糕为研究对象,测定各糯性加工食品餐后120 min的血糖和饱腹感反应,计算血糖生成指数（glycemic index,GI）与饱腹感指数（satiety index,SI）。结果表明：各样品的GI值为：粳糯米饭94.42、籼糯米饭84.47、粳糯年糕125.47、籼糯年糕110.87、粳糯油饭89.66、籼糯油饭80.13、粳糯油糕112.34、籼糯油糕99.10,即全部糯性加工食品均为高GI食物。对于同品种糯米,米粉加工食品年糕、油糕GI值分别高于对应整粒加工食品米饭、油饭;加入猪油制成的油饭、油糕的血糖反应较米饭、年糕略微降低;对于同种糯性加工食品,粳糯比籼糯具有更高的血糖反应;各糯性加工食品SI值为0.99-1.15,样品间无显著性差异,数值与参比粳米相近;与未添加猪油的样品相比,添加猪油并未增加餐后饱腹感,等能量比较时饱腹感反而更低。由此说明不同糯米品种、粒度以及脂肪的添加都会影响糯性加工食品的餐后血糖反应。但整体看来糯性加工食品血糖反应较高,不适合控制血糖者食用。

To investigate the postprandial response of glutinous rice foods, rice, rice cake, oil rice, oil rice cake made from two varieties of glutinous rice, short-grained and long-grained, were selected. The blood glucose and satiety within 120 min were measured after ingestion of the samples and then glycemic index（GI） and satiety index（SI） were calculated. The GI of short-grained glutinous rice is 94.42, long-grained glutinous rice 84.47, short-grained rice cake 125.47, long-grained rice cake 110.87, short-grained oil glutinous rice 89.66, long-grained oil glutinous rice 80.13, short-grained oil rice cake 112.34, long-grained oil rice cake 99.10. The results indicated that all samples were foods with high GI values. Compared with glutinous rice foods, glutinous rice flour foods had higher GI value. Similarly, long-grained rice foods had higher GI value than short-grained rice foods. The addition of lard could decrease the GI value, but could not increase the satiety. The SI values of all glutinous samples were similar. Therefore, the postprandial glycemic response of glutinous rice foods could be regulated by rice variety, food particle size and fat addition. Considering that all the samples have high GI values, people who need to control blood glucose should be careful about eating them.