中国野生刺葡萄(Vitis davidii Foex)及其单品种葡萄酒中花旗松素含量分析

Taxifolin Contents in Grape Berries and Wines from Different Vatieties of Vitis davidii Foex

利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用技术对原产中国的野生刺葡萄果实的果皮、果肉、种子及单品种葡萄酒中的花旗松素含量(以鲜质量计算)进行测定与分析。结果表明:刺葡萄果实果皮中花旗松素含量最高,其含量在刺葡萄黑、白果实中分别为(2.44±0.18)、(2.03±0.14)mg/kg,在种子中分别为(1.66±0.13)、(1.38±0.12) mg/kg,果肉中含量最低,分别为(0.36±0.02)、(0.25±0.02)mg/kg。刺葡萄黑、白果实中各个部位花旗松素含量均无明显差异,但对照品种黑色果实果皮中的花旗松素含量显著高于白色果实,这说明花旗松素含量的高低与葡萄果皮颜色并无直接关系。在单品种酒中,白葡萄酒由于酿造工艺不同,果皮和种子中的花旗松素无法进入酒中,花旗松素含量仅为红葡萄酒的20%;葡萄酒中的花旗松素含量略低于果实是因为提取果实中花旗松素的溶剂是甲醇,而葡萄酒中只是水和乙醇的自然浸渍。

The taxifolin contents of grape skins, seeds and pulps from Vitis davidii, a wild grape species originating in China, and wines from individual varieties of V. davidii and Vitis vinifera were determined using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（HPLC-MS/MS）. Taxifolin content was the highest in the grape skin of V. davidii, which was（2.44 ± 0.18） and（2.03 ± 0.14） mg/kg fresh weight（FW） in two varieties with colored and white skin, respectively. The taxifolin contents of the seeds of these two varieties were（1.66 ± 0.13） and（1.38 ± 0.12） mg/kg, respectively. Taxifolin content was the lowest in pulps for both varieties, which was（0.36 ± 0.02） and（0.25 ± 0.02） mg/kg, respectively. No significant differences in taxifolin content were found for different parts of grape berries between the two varieties of V. davidii. However, Taxifolin content in the skin of V. vinifera L. cv. Pinot Noir was significantly higher than in the skin of V. vinifera L. cv. Pinot Blanc, suggesting that the taxifolin content is not correlated with the skin color of grape berries. Since a different vinification was used for the white grape variety, which kept the taxifolin in skins and seeds from entering the wine, the taxifolin content of wines from the white variety was only 20% as compared to that of wines from the colored variety for both V. davidii and V. vinifera. Taxifolin content in wine was somewhat lower than in grape berry skin, due to the greater extraction ability of methanol for taxifolin in the skin, as compared to that of ethanol produced in wine.