英国教育人类学的历史嬗变及发展趋势

Historical Changes and Development Trend of Educational Anthropology in Britain

英国教育人类学作为文化教育人类学的主要代表,经历了近百年的发展历程,但是国内教育人类学兴起后对其鲜有提及。本文根据它不同时期的发展特点,将其划分为三个阶段:20世纪20年代至70年代初的萌发阶段、70年中期至80年代初的个性化阶段、80年代至今的继承与多元文化阶段,勾勒其历史发展脉络,希冀通过"他山之石"有所裨益于国内教育人类学研究。

As the major representative of cultural educational anthropology,British educational anthropology has gone through a history of development for nearly a hundred years,whereas,it is seldom mentioned after the rise of domestic educational anthropology. This paper divides its history into three stages according to development characteristics in different periods： the beginning stage from the 1920 s to the early1970s; the individualized stage from the mid 1970 s to the early 1980s; and the inheritance and multicultural stage from the 1980 s to today. By making an outline of its historical development,the author hopes to learn from foreign experience which is beneficial to domestic studies on educational anthropology.