德国质性研究方法发展及其在教育研究中的借鉴

The Development of Qualitative Research Methods in Germany and Their Application in Educational Research

自20世纪70年代以来,德国社会科学研究中再次掀起了质性研究的高潮。质性研究因"以研究者本人为研究工具",无论是在材料收集还是在分析过程中不仅涉及如何去做,更与我是如何做的直接相关,因此具有很强的情景性和国别本土性。叙事研究和客观阐释学便是源起于德国的两种本土研究方法,其一方面深受"语言学转向"的影响,但另一方面也深深地扎根于传统的阐释学方法论。正是这一特质,加之不断系统深化的制度化建设,为质性研究在德国的迅速成长提供了沃土,从而为当前的教育研究提供借鉴。

In the 1970 s,qualitative research reached its climax in social science studies in Germany.In qualitative research,the researcher himself is the research tool,and in both data collection and analysis,the research relies more on the research methods of individual researchers than on general research methods.Therefore,it has very strong contextual and local features of different countries. Narrative research and objective hermeneutics are the two local research methods originated in Germany which are influenced by linguistic diversion on one hand,and deeply rooted in traditional methodology of hermeneutics on the other hand. These attributes and constant in-depth and systematic institutional construction have provided fertile ground for the rapid growth of qualitative research in Germany and also reference for the current educational research.