产前免疫学检测对预测新生儿溶血病的意义

Significance of prenatal immunological test on prediction of hemolytic disease of newborn

目的:探讨孕妇产前血型免疫学检测对预测新生儿溶血病的意义,特别是对含有不规则抗体及其效价异常的个体进行动态测定效价值,协助HDN的早期诊断。方法:对748例孕妇进行ABO及Rh血型鉴定,使用抗人球蛋白试验进行血清抗体筛选、鉴定及效价测定,并跟踪随访。结果:有21例样本含有不规则抗体,抗体类别以Rh系统不规则抗体为主;有340例夫妇ABO血型不合,进一步测定Ig G抗-A(B)效价,其中Ig G抗-A(B)效价≥1:64的样本119例,<1:64的样本221例。结论:开展孕妇产前免疫学检测,特别是对Rh D阴性及0型孕妇进行定期不规则抗体及效价检测,对预防和治疗新生儿溶血病,提高出生人口素质具有重要意义。

Objective： To study the significance of prenatal immunological test on prediction of hemolytic disease of newborn（ HDN） and to detect the dynamic effect of value of the individuals with irregular antibodies and abnormal titers so as to help the early diagnosis of HDN. Methods： ABO and Rh blood grouping was conducted on 748 cases of pregnant women using anti-human globulin test for screening and determination of titer. All the cases were followed up. Results： 21 cases were detected with irregular antibodies,mainly the Rh series; 340 cases were detected to be incompatible in ABO blood type between husband and wife. Further determination of Ig G anti-A（ B） titer found 119 cases with the titer ≥1： 64,and 221〈 1： 64. Conclusion： Immunological detection for pregnant women,especially periodical detection of irregular antibody and abnormal titers for those Rh D negative and blood type O pregnant women is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of HDN and the enhancement of the birth population quality.