无表面活性剂作载体的氯化钾(钠)体系光亮镀锌研究

Investigation for Bright Zinc-Plating with Surfactant Type Carrier-Free in KCl (NaCl) Solution

酸性氯化钾镀锌主光亮剂载体为表面活性物质,常造成镀层质量下降并存在废水处理困难等问题。为此,在不含有任何表面活性剂作载体的酸性氯化钾(钠)镀锌液中进行光亮镀锌研究。在镀液中使用了新研制出的开缸剂、辅助剂和水溶性光亮剂,并运用Hull Cell、小槽电镀以及电化学方法,考察了镀液的各种性能。结果表明,在表面活性剂载体浓度为零的情况下,主光剂在镀液中溶解性能良好;在工艺及操作范围内,可得到均匀、柔性、平整、分散性好、全光亮的镀锌层;可节约用水50%以上,有利于水源、大气和土壤等环境保护;并可与现行的使用表面活性剂载体的镀锌液相互兼容。推荐的镀液成分和操作条件:Zn Cl260~75 g/L,KCl(NaCl)200~250 g/L,H_3BO_325~30 g/L,开缸剂30~40 m L/L(第一次使用时添加),辅助剂12~15 m L/L,光亮剂8~12 m L/L;pH值4.8~5.8,温度10~45℃,J_c=0.25~5.00 A/dm^2。

The bright zinc-plating with surfactant type carrier-free in acidic KCl(NaCl) solution was studied in this work.Novel base reagent,auxiliary reagent and aqueous brighter were applied in the plating solution and their performances were evaluated by Hull cell,small cell plating and electrochemical methods.Results indicated that the major plating brightener had excellent solubility without the surfactant carrier,and the homogenous,flexible,flat and well-distributed bright zinc player was obtained under a normal operation condition with universal process.Besides,the usage of water was reduced more than 50%in quantity,which was favorable for the protection of water,atmosphere and soil.Furthermore,it was completely compatible with current zincplating solution with surfactant carrier.Our recommended recipe and operational condition were as follows:ZnCl_2 60~75 g/L,KCl(NaCl) 200~250 g/L,H_3BO_3 25~30 g/L,base reagent30~40 mL/L(added in the 1st run),auxiliary reagent 12~15mL/L,brighter 8~12 mL/L;pH=4.8~5.8,temperature of10~45℃,J_c=0.25~5.00 A/dm^2.