脑电反馈训练在高性能战机飞行员中的应用与分析

Application and analysis of EEG Biofeedback training among high performance fighter pilots

目的通过研究脑电反馈训练在高性能战机飞行员中的应用,探讨高性能战机飞行员脑电反馈训练中放松度、专注度与和谐度的水平,使飞行员运用此方法更好地调节自身的注意力与放松度达到和谐统一。方法选取2015年2—7月来我院参加航空医学训练的10 7名高性能战机飞行员,采用脑电反馈仪进行训练并检测,检测出高性能战机飞行员专注度指数、放松度指数及和谐指数状态分布情况;分析不同年龄、不同飞行时间的飞行员放松度、专注度及和谐度水平。结果高性能战机飞行员的专注度指数、放松度指数及和谐度指数状态分布要高于常人平均水平;30岁以下的飞行员在专注度及和谐度方面要好于30岁及以上的飞行员,而在放松度方面要略差于30岁及以上的飞行员;飞行时间在1 000 h以下的飞行员专注度及和谐度好于1 000 h及以上的飞行员,而在放松度方面要略差于1 000 h及以上的飞行员,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论脑电反馈训练真实有效地反映了高性能战机飞行员注意力分配及放松度和谐统一的特性,可作为评估飞行员平时与战时紧张度与放松度是否和谐的依据,是调节飞行员专注度及放松度和谐统一的有效措施,可提升飞行员的飞行状态。

ObjectiveTo explore the degree of relaxation, concentration and harmony of high performance fighter pilots using EEG Biofeedback training in order to help them better regulate their concentration and relaxation and achieve harmony.Methods107 high performance fighter pilots were selected to participate in the aeromedical training at our hospital between February and July in 2015. EEG Biofeedback devices were used during the training to study the degree of concentration, relaxation and harmony of pilots of different age.ResultsThe average degree of concentration, relaxation and harmony of high performance fighter pilots was higher than among normal people. Pilots under 30 had a higherlevel of concentration and harmony than those above 30, who, however, had higher scoresin relaxation. Pilots with a flight time less than 1 000 h had better concentration and harmony but poorer relaxation（P〈0.05）than those with alonger flight time. ConclusionEEG biofeedback training can effectively reflect the characteristics of high performance fighter pilots in terms of concentration and relaxation, which can improve the flying state of pilots.