2007—2015年京津冀地区闪电分布特征

Characteristics of lightning distribution in Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei province from 2007 to 2015

利用2007—2015年京津冀地区闪电定位系统地闪监测资料和地面雷暴观测资料,对京津冀地区闪电的分布特征进行了统计和对比分析。结果表明:2007—2015年京津冀地区人工观测的雷暴总数与闪电定位系统观测的总地闪数值不同,但二者时间分布具有较好的一致性;地面人工雷暴观测受观测规范的限制,主要反映雷暴日的概念,对比而言,闪电定位系统观测的地闪更接近实际闪电的分布。2007—2015年京津冀地区正地闪占总地闪的比例为7.8%,不同季节和不同地区正地闪占总地闪的比例不同。各月正地闪分布相对均匀,与总地闪和负地闪不同,但总地闪、正地闪和负地闪的日变化特征无明显区别。京津冀地区地闪高密度区集中出现在山脉与平原过渡带和海陆交界处。

Based on the data of CG （Cloud-to-Ground） lightning observed by a lightning localization system andthunderstorm observed from 2007 to 2015 ,the distribution characteristics of lightning in Beijing,Tianjin, and Hebeiprovince were analyzed. The results indicate that the total number of the thunderstorms observed by meteorologicalobservers is different from that of CG lightning observed by the lighting localization system, while the temporaldistributions of them are consistent. The thunderstorm data observed by the observers at the surface can only beused to reflect the basic concept of the thunderstorm days due to the limitation of the observation technical stand-ards. By contrast, the CG lightning data observed by the lightning location system are closer to the real lightningdistribution. The percentage of the number of PCG （ Positive Cloud-to-Ground） lightning to that of TCG （ TotalCloud-to-Ground） lightning is 7.8% in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei province from 2007 to 2015. This percentage isdifferent in different seasons and regions. Unlike those of TCG and NCG （Negative Cloud-to-Ground） lightnings,the distribution of monthly PCG lightning is relatively uniform. There are no significant differences in the dailyvariation among TCG, PCG and NCG lightnings. The CG lightning generally appears at the transition zones be-tween mountains and plains and the joint regions of land and ocean in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei province.