等离子体熔融生活垃圾焚烧飞灰中试试验

Pilot Scale Study on Plasma Vitrification of Municipal Waste Incinerator Fly Ash

等离子体熔融飞灰是安全处置飞灰的方法之一。为了获取具有工程应用价值的数据,采用中试规模的等离子体炉在连续进料、出料状态下大批量地熔融飞灰,研究了熔渣、二次飞灰和尾气等产物的特性,测算熔融处理单位质量飞灰的能耗。结果表明:得到的水淬熔渣和自然冷却熔渣的密度分别为3.01和2.90 g/cm3;重金属浸出毒性远低于GB 5085.3—2007《危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别》的标准限值;所采用的等离子体装置在处理280 kg飞灰的连续试验中,飞灰处置能耗为1.12k W·h/kg;二次飞灰的产率为7.1%,其主要成分为NaCl和KCl。

The plasma vitrification is one of the methods of detoxification and disposal of municipal waste incinerator（ MSWI） fly ash. To obtain key data for engineering application,MSWI fly ash was melted with a pilot scale plasma furnace at the conditions of continuous feeding and discharging. The properties of slag,secondary fly ash and off-gas were analyzed,and the energy consumption was calculated. According to the test,the densities of slag quenched by water and air were 3. 01 and 2. 90 g/cm^3,respectively. The leaching test results of heavy metals from the two kinds of slags were all below the limits in Identification standards for hazardous wastes-Identification for extraction toxicity（ GB 5085. 3-2007）. During the pilot scale test,about 280 kg fly ash was melted,and energy consumption of fly ash melting was 1. 12 k W·h/kg. The production ratio of secondary fly ash was 7. 1%,with Na Cl and KCl as its major components.