庄子寓言思维解析

Zhuangzi's Way of Thinking through Fables

庄子哲思基于寓言思维,其所论晦涩沉奥,歧义甚多,唯有因循庄子自设的理路,方可有效把握其中要旨。庄子自设的理路,旨在上达精神自由和独立人格之道,这一点可从两则寓言的意蕴中见出:其一是鲲鹏南飞,意在彰显因任自然、适性自得、独立无待的逍遥之游,此过程涉及形体转化、动态转化与精神转化三个阶段;其二是庄周梦蝶,意在表现物化会通、道统万殊、自我解放的齐一之境,此体验涉及生物层面、审美层面与精神层面三个性相。

The philosophical thinking of Zhuangzi is rooted on his fable thinking, which is characterized by its obscurity, complexity and vagueness. The understanding of his argument can only be achieved by following his way of logic, which lies in the expression of spiritual freedom and independent personality. It is clearly illustrated in the following two fables ： one is the south- ward-flying of Kunpeng, indicating an untroubled travel with free and independent state through which three phases are involved, namely physical transformation, dynamic transformation and spiritual transformation; the other is about Zhuangzi dreaming a butterfly, which shows a state of equality of all substances, such as indiscrimination among substances, ethic ideology, self-liberation, etc. This way of experience manifests itself in the following three levels： living being, aesthetic and spiritual.