从反应式治理到参与式治理：地方政府危机治理转型的趋向

From Reactive Governance to Participatory Governance:the Tendency of Transforming Local Crisis Governance

公众权利意识的觉醒与民主法治滞后之间的不适应催生了地方政府反应式治理模式。地方政府反应式治理虽然有助于缓解治理危机,但暴露出诸多弊端。要走出地方政府反应式治理的困局,应该适时转向敬畏和尊重民意并将其吸纳进入治理过程的地方政府参与式治理。为此,既需要地方政府具有与公众共享治理过程的意愿,也需要公众具有参与治理过程的意愿,形成恰当的机制。

The mismatching between the awakening public rights consciousness and the hysteresis of democracy and rule of law in China has given rise to the reactive local governance mode. The reactive local governance can contribute to relieving the crisis of local governance, but meanwhile it has also ex- posed a number of drawbacks. To get rid of the predicament of reactive local governance, it is necessa- ry to steer to local government participatory governance, which should awe and respect the public o- pinion and absorb it into the process of local governance. To develop local government participatory governance, it is necessary that local governments share the local governance process with the public and the public also have the willingness and as well as mechanism to participate the governance process.