劳动力成本上升、价值链位置与产出质量提高

Rising of Labor Cost, Position of Value Chain and Promotion of Product Quality

在国际生产分割条件下,产品的生产环节在发达国家和发展中国家之间进行配置。公司在生产上的相对优势、贸易成本和质量生产成本之间进行综合考虑,以决定参与国在价值链分工中的地位和产出质量。劳动力成本上升会引起参与国产出质量的变化,当发展中国家的生产处于下游环节时,对其产出质量产生负向影响,带来"锁定效应",当位于上游环节时,则产生正向影响,带来"挤入效应"。中国制造业行业数据验证了本文的主要结论。

Under the conditions of intemational production fragmentation, the production chains of products are allocated among the developed and developing countries. Companies have to make com- prehensive considerations of the comparative advantages, trade costs and quality producing costs in the production, so as to decide the status and output quality of the participating country in the division of value chain. The rising of labor cost would result in the changes of the output quality of the par- ticipating country. If the production of a developing country is positioned at the downstream links, its output quality would be negatively affected, the ＂lock-in effect＂ is formed; if it is located at the up- stream links, positive effect is generated, and the ＂crowding-in effect＂ is formed. The industrial data of China＇s manufacturing industry has verified the main conclusions of this paper.