101份中国甘蔗主要育种亲本褐锈病抗性鉴定及Bru1基因的分子检测

Identification of Resistance to Brown Rust and Molecular Detection of Bru1 Gene in 101 Main Sugarcane Breeding Parents in China

由黑顶柄锈菌引起的甘蔗褐锈病是一种重要的世界性甘蔗病害,Bru1是甘蔗抗褐锈病主效基因,该基因对不同地区的褐锈病分离物具有广谱抗性。为明确中国甘蔗主要育种亲本对黑顶柄锈菌的抗性水平,了解Bru1基因在这些亲本中的分布情况,本研究于2014年对中国国家甘蔗种质资源圃保存的101份甘蔗主要育种亲本进行苗期抗褐锈病鉴定和抗褐锈病基因Bru1的分子检测。结果显示,供试亲本中,共48份抗病材料含有抗褐锈病基因Bru1,频率为47.5%,表明中国甘蔗主要育种亲本中褐锈病抗性主要由Bru1控制;其余29份抗病材料和24份感病材料均不含抗褐锈病基因Bru1,暗示除了Bru1外,可能还有其他抗褐锈病基因存在。研究结果为深入开展甘蔗抗褐锈病育种,选育和推广优良抗病品种,有效防控甘蔗褐锈病提供了科学依据和优良抗性亲本。

Sugarcane brown rust induced by Puccinia melanocephala is an important global disease. Bru1 is a major brown rust resistance gene with a broad-spectrum resistance against various brown rust pathogens originating from different countries. In order to assess the resistance level of main sugarcane breeding parents to Puccinia melanocephala, and determine the distribution of the Bru1 gene in these breeding parents in China, 101 main sugarcane breeding parents collected from the Chinese National Nursery of Sugarcane Germplasm Resources were evaluated and identified for their brown rust resistance at the seedling stage and for the presence of the brown rust resistance gene Bru1. Bru1 was detected to present in 48（47.5%） resistant materials out of the 101 tested parental lines, indicating that brown rust resistance in main sugarcane breeding parents in China is primarily controlled by Bru1. The absence of Bru1 in the other 29 resistant and 24 susceptible parental lines suggests that they may carry brown rust resistance-associated genes other than Bru1. These results may facilitate future efforts to breed varieties with improved resistance to brown rust and may provide resistant parental lines for selecting and planting elite resistant varieties to effectively control brown rust disease in sugarcane.