国际商事仲裁裁决“超裁”的司法认定——对申请承认及执行外国仲裁裁决纠纷案的评析

The Judicial Determination of Excessive Arbitration Defined by the International Commercial Arbitration Award——An Analysis of the Dispute Case Concerning the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitration Awards

"超裁",一般指仲裁庭超越自身权限作出仲裁裁决,常常在国际商事仲裁纠纷以及相关司法案例中被提及。对此,国际公约、国际示范法以及绝大部分国家法律往往规定,超越自身权限作出仲裁裁决,仲裁裁决将不予执行或被撤销。对《承认及执行外国仲裁裁决公约》规定及有关司法实践进行经验总结,得出"超裁"的三种表现形式:超越仲裁协议、超越仲裁请求、超越可仲裁性。判断国际商事仲裁裁决是否"超裁",要审查仲裁协议(仲裁条款)的内容,要审查当事人仲裁请求范围,要审查可仲裁性。

＂Super arbitration＂ generally refers to the arbitral tribunal making an arbitration award beyond its own authority which has been frequently mentioned in the international commercial arbitration disputes and related judicial cases. In the international conventions, the international model law and laws of most counties, it is regulated that if the arbitration award is made beyond its own authority, the arbitral award should not be ex- ecuted or revoked. On the basis of the regulations of the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Award and the relevant juridical practice experience, the authors got three forms of expression of the excessive arbitration award, including beyond the arbitration agreement, beyond the arbitration claim and beyond the arbitrability. We can determine whether the international commercial arbitration award is ex- cessive or not by reviewing the contents of arbitration agreements, the scope of the parties to the arbitration claim and the arbitrability.