硝基烯烃在杂环合成中的研究进展

Research Progress on Heterocyclic Synthesis with Nitroalkenes

杂环化合物广泛存在于天然产物和药物分子中,具有良好的生物活性和药物活性.硝基烯烃是杂环合成中的重要合成中间体,可以用于构建含C-O键,C-N键和C-S键的杂环类化合物,从而能够简洁快速地实现重要杂环化合物的合成,尤其在构建吡咯环、哌啶环和吡啶环具有重要意义.在杂环合成中硝基烯烃主要通过Michael加成、Diels–Alder关环、1,3-偶极和环加成、Morita–Baylis–Hillman反应及串联反应等实现杂环化合物的合成.本文对硝基烯烃在杂环合成中近10年的发展和应用进行综述.

Heterocycles can be widely found in many natural products and pharmaceuticals,which display good biological and pharmacological activities. Nitroalkenes,the versatile building block in heterocyclic synthesis,which have been used for building C- O bond,C- N bond and C- S bond,can easily achieve synthesis of important heterocyclic compounds and bears great significance especially in the construction of pyrrole ring,piperidine ring and pyridine ring. Nitroalkenes take part in a wide variety of reactions such as Michael addition,Diels- Alder reaction,1,3- dipolar cycloaddition,Morita- Baylis- Hillman reaction,and many cascade reactions to provide heterocycles. In this review,the development and application of heterocyclic synthesis with nitroalkenes in the last decade are summarized.