小兴安岭红皮云杉自由授粉子代测定及选择与评价

Selection,Evaluation and Test on Open-Pollinated Progeny of Picea koraiensis in Xiaoxingan Mountains

为合理利用小兴安岭红皮云杉自然遗传资源,提高良种的科技附加值,以自然群体自由授粉子代测定林为评价对象,采用固定标准地定位观测的方法,在生长动态、生态耦合性及遗传效应分析的基础上,探讨群体及自由授粉子代树高和胸径的遗传变异,系统分析生长性状的遗传力和遗传增益,并从中选育出生长、抗逆性和适应能力兼优的品种或品系.结果表明:自然群体间,小兴安岭红皮云杉子代的生长性状存在极显著差异,其中,树高性状变异较小,胸径性状变异较大,平均变异系数分别为23.52%和42.59%;群体内自由授粉子代间生长性状的差异极显著,且子代与区组的交互作用明显;生长性状受遗传基因的控制程度较强,遗传增益较大,树高和胸径遗传力分别为0.826和0.755,遗传增益分别为15.56%和25.72%.

By the method of positional observation of fixed standard fields, this thesis performed on discussing the genetic variation of the tree height and DBH from the natural populations and its open-pollinated progenies, and analyzing systematically the heritability and the genetic gains in quantity characters on the basis of analyzing the growth dynamic, the ecological coupling and its heredity effects. The research results has showed that there were greatly significant difference on the quantitative characters among the natural populations, and the coefficient of variance from the tree height （23.52%） were smaller,but its DBH （42.59%） were larger. On the other hand, there were greatly significant difference among its open-pollinated progenies of the tree height and DBH within natural populations too, and hold great interaction between these progenies and the blocks. Meanwhile, the growth characters had strong heritability, high genetic gain, and remarkable heredity effects. The heritability of tree height and its DBH were O. 826 and 0. 755 ,and the genetic gain were 15.56% and 25.72% ,respectively. All these for utilizing legitimately the genetic resource distributed in Xiaoxingan Mountains, and for improving the scientific additional value of superior specimen from Picea koraiensis.