潢川县萝卜“2+X”肥效对比试验研究

"2+X" Fertilizer Controlled Test Research of Radish in Huangchuan County

为不断优化萝卜在潢川地区的肥效,确定适宜的肥料施用量、养分配比及施用方式。本试验以"嫩头青"萝卜为试材,设置了"2+X"动态优化施肥田间小区试验。结果表明:在63.2~180.0 kg/hm^2范围内施用氮肥对萝卜苗期生长发育有一定促进作用;不同氮肥配比均显著提高萝卜的产量,且呈现出随着氮肥用量的增加先提高后降低的趋势,其中缓释肥优化氮区的处理产量最高为29 133.33 kg/hm^2,在氮肥等量的情况下,比优化氮区处理施肥增产3 866.66 kg/hm^2,增幅15.30%,施用优化氮+硼肥的处理产量与常规施肥和优化氮区施肥处理相比差异不显著(P>0.05);施用缓释肥优化氮区的处理共减少施肥次数2次,节约人工成本900.00元/hm^2,获得总经济效益比常规处理提高28.46%,比优化氮区处理提高19.34%;根据萝卜平均产量与纯氮施用量效应曲线计算出当纯氮施用量为150.7 kg/hm^2时,产量为23 791.0kg/hm^2,达到最大值。因此,施用缓释肥优化氮区的处理产量最高,经济效益最好,为萝卜的高产、高效、环保、轻简化施肥提供科学依据。

In order to optimize the radish fertilizer in Huangchuan region and determine the appropriate application, allocation and application of fertilizer.In this experiment ,we set＂Nentouqing＂carrot as material, and ＂2＋X＂dynamic optimization of fertilization as manages.The result showed that in the range of 63.2- 180.0 kg/hm2, Nitrogen fertilizer play a optimistic role in promoting on radish seedling growth and development.Different treatments of Nitrogen ratio can significantly improve the yield of radish, and shows the same trends that with the increasing use of Nitrogen amount, the yield increased, and then decreased. Wherein the treatment of Nitrogen slow-release fertilizer was the highest treatment yield was 29 133.33 kg/hm2,which was increasing production 3 866.66 kg/hm2,an increasing rate of 15.30% of same Nitrogen fertilization.It was not significant among treatments of optimistic Nitrogen＋boric fertilizer,normal fertilizer and optimistic Nitrogen.However,the treatment of Nitrogen slow-release fertilizer reduced of fertilizer 2 times for application, saved the labor costs 900.00 yuan/hm2,increased economic efficiency 28.46% than normal treatment, and 19.34% compared to optimizing nitrogen treatment.According to the result of curve of radish average output and applying Nitrogen content effect ,when the pure Nitrogen application is 150.7 kg/hm2, the yield reached 23 791.0 kg/hm2,which is the maximum yield. As a result, the optimum fertilizer treatment was slow-release fertilizer,which showed highest yield and the best economic benefits ,and the trial provides a scientific basis for the high yield,efficient, environmental protection and light simplified fertilization of radish.