对枳实和枳壳药用品种变迁的思考

Thoughts on the Change of Medicinal Varieties of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus

枳实来源于芸香科植物酸橙及其栽培变种或甜橙的干燥幼果,枳壳来源于酸橙及其栽培变种干燥未成熟的果实,其均为中医临床常用理气药。但在宋代以前,其药用正品来源与现今不同。本文从基源变迁、化学成分和现代研究等方面对其基源变迁前后的枳实、枳壳进行比较,以寻求其基源变迁的原因,为将来找寻更加适用于现代中医临床病症的中药替代品或扩大中药资源利用的研究提供参考。

Aurantii Fructus Immaturus is from lime Citrus aurantium L. and the cultivar or C. sinensis Osbeck dry young fruit. Aurantii Fructus is from lime Citrus aurantium L. and the cultivar dry immature fruit. They have used as spleen medicine in the traditional Chi-nese medicine clinical commonly. But their medicinal quality and source are different from today before the Song Dynasty. This article aims to seek the original plants change reason through comparing the several aspects including the change of the original plants, chemi-cal compositions and the modern studies before and after of their original plants change, and to provide the reference for finding more suitable for modern substitute of traditional Chinese medicine clinical symptoms or expanding the research of traditional Chinese medi-cine resources in the future.