七氟烷用于小儿手术麻醉临床效果观察及安全性评价

Sevoflurane Anesthesia for Pediatric Clinical Effect and Safety Evaluation

目的探讨七氟烷用于小儿短小手术麻醉临床效果观察及安全性评价。方法选择2012年5月~2014年5月行短小手术患儿139例。按照入院就诊顺序随机分为对照组（n=68）与观察组（n=71）。对照组采用氯胺酮,观察组采用七氟烷。对比分析两组术后呼叫睁眼时间、完全清醒时间、体动发生率、术中呼吸抑制率、平均动脉压、心率及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组患儿术后呼叫睁眼时间与完全清醒时间均显著短于对照组（P〈0.05）;观察组患儿体动发生率、术中呼吸抑制率均显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）;两组患儿麻醉诱导、术中麻醉维持、手术结束平均动脉压比较无统计学差异（P〉0.05）;观察组患儿麻醉诱导、术中麻醉维持、手术结束心率显著低于同期对照组（P〈0.05）;观察组患儿恶心呕吐和躁动发生率均显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论氟烷用于小儿短小手术麻醉效果明显,明显解决了采用传统氯胺酮静脉麻醉的一些弊端,不良反应少,临床应用安全可靠,具有重要研究意义。

Objective To investigate short sevoflurane for pediatric surgical anesthesia observed clinical effect and safety evaluation. Methods 139 cases since May 2012 ~ May 2014 during a short children in our hospital surgery. Visited the hospital in accordance with the order randomly divided into control group（ n = 68） with the observation group（ n= 71）. The control group was ketamine,observation group sevoflurane. Comparison of postoperative eyes open call time,fully awake time,body movement incidence of intraoperative respiratory depression rate,mean arterial pressure,heart rate and adverse events. Results The postoperative group of children call time and fully awake eyes open time was significantly shorter than the control group（ P 〈 0. 05）;children with body movement observation group the incidence of intraoperative respiratory depression were significantly lower than the control group（ P 〈 0. 05）; the two groups of children with the induction of anesthesia,surgery anesthesia was maintained,the end of surgery and mean arterial pressure was not statistically significant（ P 〉 0. 05）; group of children observed induction of anesthesia,surgery anesthesia was maintained,the heart rate was significantly lower than the end of surgery in the control group（ P 〈 0. 05）; nausea and vomiting in children and restlessness observation group were significantly lower than occurred in the control group（ P〈 0. 05）. Conclusions halothane anesthesia for pediatric short effect is obvious,obvious solve some drawbacks with traditional intravenous ketamine anesthesia,less adverse reactions,clinical application is safe and reliable,has great significance.