非想象共同体中的集体认同培养——中国学校的使命

Training Collective Identity in the Un-Imagined Community——The Mission of Chinese Schools

中国文化自古崇尚集体观念,中国学校肩负培养学生集体认同的使命。从社会认同理论的视角出发,学生步入学校和班级即开始了对自身集体身份的构建,静态图腾和动态生活是设定集体边界并使之清晰化的手段。在获得集体身份后,各类校际和班际竞赛使学生可与外集体进行比较,规避集体弱势、力图优化集体从而使集体获得积极评价。通过当干部,学生得以突出个体优势、强化个体自尊,从而进一步加强集体认同。

Sense of collectivity has been upheld by Chinese culture since ancient times and training students＇ collective identity is regarded as Chinese schools＇ mission.From the perspective of Social Identity Theory,collective identity commences to be constructed as students＇ entering schools and classes,with static totem and dynamic life as the means of delimiting and clearing the boundary of collectivity.Various kinds of competition among schools and classes make it possible for students to compare with other collectivities.By means of avoiding own collectivity＇s weakness and making effort to optimizing own collectivity,positive evaluation is maintained.Through working as cadres,students＇ self-advantages and self-esteem are strengthened,leading to the enhancement of students＇ collective identity.